The groma

The groma (surveyor’s cross) was used for defining the axes and drawing lines and right angles. This tool features a horizontal cross-piece and four plumb lines.

Drawing © Jean-Pierre Adam

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Construction

Restoration

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Prologue
Map of Roman Amphitheaters
The Colony of Nemausus
An Expert Opinion - Roman Amphitheaters

Prologue
7 Issues facing the Architect
Solid Structure and Hollow Structure
The Ten Books on Architecture by Vitruvius
The Choice of an Ellipse
Draw the plan

Prologue
A Comparison of Amphitheaters
The Plan of the Amphitheater
The Façade of the Amphitheater
The Façade of the Amphitheater | The game

Prologue
Seating Spectators
Categories of Spectators
Water Drainage
Remains of the Water Evacuation System
An Expert Opinion - The Hydraulic System

Prologue
When was the Amphitheater built?
An Expert Opinion - Dating the Amphitheater
Roman Measurements
A Surveyor’s Tools

Prologue
Quarries
Extraction and Cutting Blocks of Stone
A Stone Cutter’s Tools

Prologue
Building a Section
Assembling an Arch
Construction Machines and Tools
The System for Handling Stones
An Expert Opinion - Dovetails
Reading Basreliefs

Prologue
Uses of the Amphitheater
"Gladiators" Quiz
The Understage Area
Program of a Day
The History of the Amphitheater continues….

Prologue
The Amphitheater from the Middle Ages to the 19th Century
The Arena Inhabited
Remains of the Dwellings
St Martin’s Chapel

Prologue
The Cruciform Room
An Expert Opinion - The Cruciform Room, Restoration and Research
Excavation of the Arena
End of the Excavation
Vertical Drain Pipe

Prologue
History of the Excavation
An Expert Opinion - Architect-Excavators
Archeological Discoveries
Focus on 3 Discoveries
Quiz on the Objects Discovered

Prologue
The Emergence of a Monument
The First Restoration Operations
The Resumption of Shows
The Development of Tourism
A brief history of the Arena from 1800 until today

Prologue
An Expert Opinion - Diagnosis and Future Prospects
A Diagnosis for the Future
The Causes of the Damage
High Technologies and Restoration

Prologue
Archeological Studies
An Expert Opinion - Evidence of Past Use
An Arcehologist’s Tools

Prologue
Drainage of Rainwater
Remains of the Rainwater Evacuation System
Exposition to Rainwater

Prologue
An Expert Opinion - Restoration Issues
The Restoration of Section 49
Restoration Techniques
An Expert Opinion - Conclusion

© City of Nîmes | Universcience | INRAP - 2015

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With funding from the
DRAC Languedoc Roussillon

Préfet du Languedoc-Roussillon

Universcience

Investissements d'avenir

INRAP

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Construction Build In All its Splendor A Surveyor’s Tools The groma

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